Rhino Population in Dudhwa Tiger Reserve Rises to 53 in 2026 Census
Why in News?
The fourth rhino census conducted between 25–27 June 2026 recorded 53 Indian rhinoceroses in Dudhwa Tiger Reserve, Uttar Pradesh, marking a net increase of five rhinos despite recent mortalities. The census counted 17 adult males, 25 adult females, and 11 calves (older than one year).
Rhino Population in Dudhwa Key Highlights
- The Indian rhinoceros (Greater One-Horned Rhinoceros) is classified as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List and is protected under Schedule I of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972.
- Dudhwa Tiger Reserve, located in the Terai region of Uttar Pradesh near the India–Nepal border, began its Rhino Reintroduction Programme in 1984–85 with seven founder rhinos translocated from Assam and Nepal.
- The 2026 census was carried out by 20 teams comprising forest officials and WWF-India personnel.
- The reserve manages rhinos through two Rhino Rehabilitation Enclosures (RR1 and RR2), which support breeding, protection, and gradual release into the wild.
Rhino Population in Dudhwa: Current Population Status
As of July 2026, Dudhwa has:
- 53 rhinos in total.
- 6 rhinos in RR1.
- 36 rhinos in RR2.
- 11 free-ranging rhinos roaming in the wild.
Despite the deaths of three rhinos, including a female killed by tigers and a calf killed by a dominant male, the reserve recorded an overall population increase, highlighting the success of its long-term conservation programme.
Important Facts for Exams
- Species: Greater One-Horned Rhinoceros (Rhinoceros unicornis)
- IUCN Status: Vulnerable
- Wildlife Protection Act: Schedule I
- Main Stronghold: Kaziranga National Park, Assam
- Uttar Pradesh Habitat: Dudhwa Tiger Reserve
- Rhino Reintroduction in Dudhwa: Started in 1984–85
- Ecosystem: Terai grasslands and swamp forests, also home to the Bengal Tiger and Swamp Deer (Barasingha).
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