Project Kusha

Why in News?

The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) conducted the maiden flight test of the indigenous Long-Range Surface-to-Air Missile (LRSAM) Kusha on 23 July 2026. The test was conducted from APJ Abdul Kalam Island, off the coast of Odisha. The missile successfully intercepted an electronic target that simulated a high-speed, high-altitude aerial threat. The test marks an important step in strengthening India’s indigenous air and missile defence capabilities.

What is Project Kusha?

Project Kusha is India’s indigenous long-range air and missile defence programme. It aims to develop a multi-layered air defence system capable of detecting, tracking and neutralising different types of aerial threats. The system is being developed primarily by DRDO laboratories in collaboration with Indian industry partners.

Major Targets of Kusha System

The system is designed to counter:

• Fighter aircraft
• Cruise missiles
• Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs)
• High-speed aerial threats
• Large enemy aircraft and airborne platforms

Its major components include long-range interceptor missiles, advanced radars, launch systems, and an integrated command-and-control centre.

What is a Long-Range Surface-to-Air Missile?

A Surface-to-Air Missile (SAM) is launched from the ground to destroy airborne threats. Long-range SAM systems provide a wider defensive envelope and allow threats to be intercepted before they reach critical military or strategic assets. Project Kusha is intended to contribute to a broader multi-layered national air defence shield, with progressive capability development envisioned towards 2035.

Important Facts for Exams

• Project Kusha: Indigenous air and missile defence programme.
• Developer: DRDO with Indian industry partners.
• Maiden LRSAM flight test: 23 July 2026.
• Test site: APJ Abdul Kalam Island, Odisha coast.
• Targets include aircraft, missiles and UAVs.
• System components include missiles, radars and command-and-control systems.
• DRDO functions under the Ministry of Defence.
• APJ Abdul Kalam Island was formerly known as Wheeler Island.