The world marked a major milestone in public health with the first-ever World Cervical Cancer Elimination Day on 17 November, signalling a unified global commitment to end one of the most preventable and treatable cancers affecting women. Led by the World Health Organisation (WHO), the observance highlighted the urgent need for HPV vaccination, screening programmes and early diagnosis to accelerate the path toward elimination.
A Global Initiative to End a Preventable Disease
The World Health Assembly formally established this international day to mobilise governments, health systems and civil society in the fight against cervical cancer.
WHO described the observance as a historic turning point, urging countries to:
- Strengthen HPV vaccination campaigns, especially for adolescents
- Expand screening and diagnostic services
- Improve access to treatment, including early-stage interventions
- Raise awareness in underserved and low-resource communities
Millions of women—particularly in developing countries—still lack access to preventive healthcare. The new observance aims to close this gap and build sustained momentum toward global elimination.
Understanding Cervical Cancer and HPV Infection
Cervical cancer begins in the cells lining the cervix and is primarily caused by persistent infection with high-risk Human Papillomavirus (HPV) strains.
How HPV Leads to Cancer
- HPV spreads through sexual contact
- High-risk strains cause abnormal changes in cervical cells
- Without screening, these changes can progress to cancer
- The disease often develops silently, making early detection crucial
HPV vaccination can prevent the majority of high-risk infections, making cervical cancer one of the most preventable cancers known to medicine.
Early Symptoms Women Should Never Ignore
Doctors emphasise that early symptoms are often mild but critical for timely diagnosis. Women should seek medical attention if they notice:
- Unusual vaginal bleeding (between periods, after sex or after menopause)
- Abnormal vaginal discharge with changes in colour or odour
- Persistent pelvic or lower back pain
- Pain during intercourse
- Heavier, painful or longer-than-usual menstrual cycles
Early reporting and regular screening can dramatically reduce complications and mortality.
Exam-Oriented Facts
- First-ever World Cervical Cancer Elimination Day observed in 2025 on 17 November.
- HPV infection causes over 95% of cervical cancer cases globally.
- WHO’s elimination targets include 90% HPV vaccination coverage for girls by age 15 by 2030.
- Pap smear and HPV testing recommended for women aged 25–65.
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